原文 | 译文 |
三、[2026年经济社会发展总体要求和政策取向] | III. [Overall Requirements and Policy Orientations for Economic and Social Development in 2026] |
【单词】1、requirement n. 要求;必要条件(*原文为复数 Requirements)。例句:The report sets out the requirements for development.报告提出了发展要求。2、orientation n. 方向;取向(*原文为复数 Orientations)。例句:Policy orientations should remain consistent.政策取向应保持一致。【短语】1、2026年经济社会发展总体要求和政策取向:Overall Requirements and Policy Orientations for Economic and Social Development in 2026【翻译点拨】三、2026年经济社会发展总体要求和政策取向汉语句子分析:这是章节标题,核心信息包括两个部分:一是“总体要求”,即全年经济社会发展的指导性要求;二是“政策取向”,即宏观政策、改革举措等方面的基本方向。标题没有完整谓语,英文可直接处理为名词短语。“总体要求”译为 Overall Requirements,说明本部分提出的是全年工作总要求。“政策取向”译为 Policy Orientations,orientation 表示政策方向和基本倾向,适合政务文本标题。for Economic and Social Development in 2026 说明这些要求和取向适用于2026年经济社会发展。译文语法分析Overall Requirements and Policy Orientations(并列名词短语,作标题核心内容);for Economic and Social Development in 2026(介词短语,作后置定语,修饰 Requirements and Policy Orientations,说明其适用对象和年份)。 |
今年是“[十五五开局之年]”。 | This year is [the first year of the 15th Five-Year Plan period]. |
【单词】period n. 时期;阶段。例句:The policy applies to the next five-year period.该政策适用于下一个五年时期。【短语】1、十五五开局之年:the first year of the 15th Five-Year Plan period【翻译点拨】今年是“十五五开局之年”。汉语句子分析:这是一个判断句,主干是“今年是开局之年”。“十五五开局之年”指第十五个五年规划实施的第一年,重点在“起步”和“开端”。译文用 the first year of... 直接表达“开局之年”的时间位置。period 补出“规划时期”的含义,因为这里说的是“十五五”实施阶段,不只是规划文件本身。译文语法分析This year(主语)[is](系动词)the first year of the 15th Five-Year Plan period(表语;of the 15th Five-Year Plan period 为介词短语,说明 year 所属时期)。【知识补充】“十五五”:中国第十五个五年规划时期,通常对应2026年至2030年。 |
做好[政府工作],要在[以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下],以[习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想]为指导,深入贯彻[党的二十大和二十届历次全会精神],认真落实[党的二十届四中全会和中央经济工作会议部署]。 | To deliver in [our work], we in government must, under [the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core], do the following: follow [the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era]; fully implement [the guiding principles from the Party’s 20th National Congress and the plenary sessions of the 20th Party Central Committee]; act on [the guidelines of the fourth plenary session of the 20th Party Central Committee and last year’s Central Economic Work Conference]. |
【单词】1、deliver v. 完成;履行;做好。例句:The team worked hard to deliver on its commitments.团队努力兑现承诺。2、guidance n. 指导;指引。例句:The work was carried out under clear guidance.工作在明确指导下开展。3、plenary adj. 全体的。例句:The plenary session adopted the proposal.全会通过了该建议。【短语】1、政府工作:our work2、以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下:under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core3、习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想:Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era4、党的二十大和二十届历次全会精神:the guiding principles from the Party’s 20th National Congress and the plenary sessions of the 20th Party Central Committee5、党的二十届四中全会和中央经济工作会议部署:the guidelines of the fourth plenary session of the 20th Party Central Committee and last year’s Central Economic Work Conference【翻译点拨】做好政府工作,要在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下,以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导,深入贯彻党的二十大和二十届历次全会精神,认真落实党的二十届四中全会和中央经济工作会议部署。汉语句子分析:这是一个总领句,说明做好政府工作的政治前提、思想指导和行动依据。主干可以理解为“我们要做好政府工作,并做到以下几项”。“在……领导下”“以……为指导”“贯彻……精神”“落实……部署”都是开展工作的依据和要求。“做好政府工作”不是简单 do government work,而是“把政府工作完成好、落实好”,所以译为 deliver in our work。后面几项内容英文用 follow, implement, act on 分项展开:follow guidance 对应“以……为指导”,implement principles 对应“贯彻精神”,act on guidelines 对应“落实部署”。译文语法分析To deliver in our work(不定式短语,说明目的), we in government(主语)must [do](谓语)the following(宾语);under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core(介词短语,说明领导条件);[follow](并列谓语1)the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era(宾语1);fully [implement](并列谓语2)the guiding principles from the Party’s 20th National Congress and the plenary sessions of the 20th Party Central Committee(宾语2);[act] on(并列谓语3)the guidelines of the fourth plenary session of the 20th Party Central Committee and last year’s Central Economic Work Conference(宾语3)。【知识补充】1、党的二十大:2022年召开的中国共产党全国代表大会,部署新时代新征程中心任务。2、中央经济工作会议:党中央每年研判经济形势、部署下一年经济工作的会议。 |
[完整准确全面贯彻新发展理念],[加快构建新发展格局],[着力推动高质量发展],坚持[稳中求进工作总基调]。 | [fully and faithfully apply the new development philosophy on all fronts], [move faster to foster a new pattern of development], and [promote high-quality development]; adhere to [the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability]. |
【单词】1、apply v. 运用;贯彻;适用。例句:We should apply the new philosophy in practice.我们应在实践中贯彻新理念。2、foster v. 培育;促进。例句:The policy helped foster a new development pattern.该政策有助于培育新发展格局。3、adhere v. 坚持;遵守。例句:We adhere to the principle of stability.我们坚持稳定原则。【短语】1、完整准确全面贯彻新发展理念:fully and faithfully apply the new development philosophy on all fronts2、加快构建新发展格局:move faster to foster a new pattern of development3、着力推动高质量发展:promote high-quality development4、稳中求进工作总基调:the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability【翻译点拨】完整准确全面贯彻新发展理念,加快构建新发展格局,着力推动高质量发展,坚持稳中求进工作总基调。汉语句子分析:这一句连续列出2026年政府工作需要坚持的基本要求。前三个动作是“贯彻、构建、推动”,最后“坚持稳中求进工作总基调”是全年工作基调。“完整准确全面”三词并列,强调贯彻新发展理念不能片面、不能走样、不能只落实一部分。译文用 fully and faithfully...on all fronts 分别表达“全面”和“准确到位”。“构建新发展格局”是发展战略表达,foster a new pattern of development 比 build 更能体现逐步培育形成的过程。译文语法分析fully and faithfully [apply](谓语1)the new development philosophy(宾语1)on all fronts(介词短语,说明贯彻覆盖面);[move] faster(谓语2和方式说明)to foster a new pattern of development(不定式短语,说明 move faster 的目的);and [promote](谓语3)high-quality development(宾语3);[adhere] to(谓语4)the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability(宾语4;of pursuing progress while ensuring stability 为介词短语,说明 principle 的内容)。【知识补充】新发展理念:创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念,是高质量发展的重要指导。 |
[统筹国内国际两个大局],[更好统筹发展和安全],[实施更加积极有为的宏观政策],[增强政策前瞻性针对性协同性]。 | [keep in mind both domestic and international imperatives]; [better ensure both development and security]; [implement more proactive and effective macro policies]; [make our policies more forward-looking, targeted, and coordinated]. |
【单词】1、imperative n. 重要任务;迫切需要。例句:Security is a national imperative.安全是一项国家重要任务。2、proactive adj. 积极主动的。例句:A proactive policy response helped stabilize growth.积极主动的政策应对帮助稳定增长。3、coordinated adj. 协同的;协调的。例句:Coordinated policies improved implementation.协同政策改善了落实效果。【短语】1、统筹国内国际两个大局:keep in mind both domestic and international imperatives2、更好统筹发展和安全:better ensure both development and security3、实施更加积极有为的宏观政策:implement more proactive and effective macro policies4、增强政策前瞻性针对性协同性:make our policies more forward-looking, targeted, and coordinated【翻译点拨】统筹国内国际两个大局,更好统筹发展和安全,实施更加积极有为的宏观政策,增强政策前瞻性针对性协同性。汉语句子分析:这一句列出宏观层面的工作要求,包括统筹内外环境、统筹发展和安全、实施宏观政策、提高政策质量。四个分句并列,英文也用分号分开。“两个大局”指国内发展全局和国际环境变化两方面。英文用 domestic and international imperatives,强调两方面都属于必须考虑的重要任务。“积极有为”拆开看就是政策要主动、要有效,所以译为 proactive and effective。“前瞻性、针对性、协同性”分别对应 forward-looking, targeted, coordinated。译文语法分析[keep](谓语1)in mind(固定搭配)both domestic and international imperatives(宾语1);[ensure](谓语2)both development and security(宾语2);[implement](谓语3)more proactive and effective macro policies(宾语3);[make](谓语4)our policies(宾语4)more forward-looking, targeted, and coordinated(宾语补足语)。 |
[持续扩大内需、优化供给],[做优增量、盘活存量],[因地制宜发展新质生产力],[纵深推进全国统一大市场建设]。 | [further boost domestic demand and improve supply]; [optimize the allocation of new resources while making the best use of existing ones]; [develop new quality productive forces in light of local conditions]; [advance the development of a unified national market]. |
【单词】1、boost v. 促进;提升。例句:The policy helped boost domestic demand.该政策有助于扩大内需。2、allocation n. 配置;分配。例句:Efficient allocation of resources supports growth.资源高效配置支撑增长。3、advance v. 推进;促进。例句:The reform advanced market development.改革推进了市场发展。【短语】1、持续扩大内需、优化供给:further boost domestic demand and improve supply2、做优增量、盘活存量:optimize the allocation of new resources while making the best use of existing ones3、因地制宜发展新质生产力:develop new quality productive forces in light of local conditions4、纵深推进全国统一大市场建设:advance the development of a unified national market【翻译点拨】持续扩大内需、优化供给,做优增量、盘活存量,因地制宜发展新质生产力,纵深推进全国统一大市场建设。汉语句子分析:这一句继续列举发展方面的具体要求。前两组围绕需求、供给和资源配置展开;后两组分别指向新质生产力和全国统一大市场建设。“做优增量、盘活存量”先用汉语解释,就是新增资源要配置得更好,已有资源也要重新调动起来、发挥作用。译文用 new resources 和 existing ones 分别对应“增量”和“存量”。“因地制宜”就是根据各地条件安排发展路径,所以译为 in light of local conditions。译文语法分析[boost](谓语1)domestic demand(宾语1)and [improve](谓语2)supply(宾语2);[optimize](谓语3)the allocation of new resources(宾语3)while making the best use of existing ones(while 引导的现在分词短语,表示同时进行的动作);[develop](谓语4)new quality productive forces(宾语4)in light of local conditions(介词短语,说明考虑的条件);[advance](谓语5)the development of a unified national market(宾语5)。【知识补充】新质生产力:以科技创新为主导,具有高科技、高效能、高质量特征的先进生产力。 |
[持续防范化解重点领域风险],[着力稳就业、稳企业、稳市场、稳预期]。 | [continue to prevent and defuse risks in key areas]; [provide greater support to keep employment, enterprise operations, markets, and expectations stable]. |
【单词】1、defuse v. 化解;缓和。例句:The measures helped defuse financial risks.这些措施帮助化解金融风险。2、operation n. 运营;运行(*原文为复数 operations)。例句:Enterprise operations remained stable.企业运营保持稳定。【短语】1、持续防范化解重点领域风险:continue to prevent and defuse risks in key areas2、着力稳就业、稳企业、稳市场、稳预期:provide greater support to keep employment, enterprise operations, markets, and expectations stable【翻译点拨】持续防范化解重点领域风险,着力稳就业、稳企业、稳市场、稳预期。汉语句子分析:这一句有两个层面:第一是风险防控,第二是稳定就业、企业、市场和预期。前半句强调风险处理,后半句强调稳定经济社会运行中的关键对象。“防范化解”包含两层:未发生的风险要预防,已经显现的风险要处理。英文用 prevent and defuse 对应。“稳就业、稳企业、稳市场、稳预期”是四个并列目标,译文用 keep...stable 统一处理,后面列出四个对象。译文语法分析[continue](谓语1)to prevent and defuse risks in key areas(宾语1;to prevent and defuse...为不定式短语,作 continue 的宾语);[provide](谓语2)greater support(宾语2)to keep employment, enterprise operations, markets, and expectations stable(不定式短语,说明 support 的用途;stable 为宾语补足语)。 |
[推动经济实现质的有效提升和量的合理增长],[保持社会和谐稳定],[实现“十五五”良好开局]。 | [promote higher-quality economic growth while achieving an appropriate increase in economic output]; [maintain social harmony and stability]. All this will [ensure that we get off to a good start in the 15th Five-Year Plan period]. |
【单词】1、output n. 产出;产量。例句:Economic output increased steadily.经济产出稳步增长。2、maintain v. 保持;维持。例句:The government maintained social stability.政府维护社会稳定。3、ensure v. 确保;保证。例句:These measures will ensure a good start.这些措施将确保良好开局。【短语】1、推动经济实现质的有效提升和量的合理增长:promote higher-quality economic growth while achieving an appropriate increase in economic output2、保持社会和谐稳定:maintain social harmony and stability3、实现“十五五”良好开局:ensure that we get off to a good start in the 15th Five-Year Plan period【翻译点拨】推动经济实现质的有效提升和量的合理增长,保持社会和谐稳定,实现“十五五”良好开局。汉语句子分析:这一句说明全年工作的结果导向。前半句说经济发展要兼顾质量和数量;中间说社会层面要保持和谐稳定;最后说这些工作要服务于“十五五”良好开局。“质的有效提升和量的合理增长”先拆开,就是经济质量要提高,经济规模也要有合理增加。译文用 higher-quality economic growth 对应“质的提升”,用 an appropriate increase in economic output 对应“量的增长”。“良好开局”用 get off to a good start,属于常见搭配。All this 承接前面几项要求,说明这些工作共同服务于开局目标。译文语法分析[promote](谓语1)higher-quality economic growth(宾语1)while achieving an appropriate increase in economic output(while 引导的现在分词短语,表示同时推进的内容);[maintain](谓语2)social harmony and stability(宾语2)。All this(主语)will [ensure](谓语;一般将来时)that we get off to a good start in the 15th Five-Year Plan period(宾语从句;we 为从句主语,[get off to] 为从句谓语结构)。 |
今年发展[主要预期目标]是:[经济增长4.5%-5%],在实际工作中努力争取更好结果。 | [The main targets for development this year] are as follows: [GDP growth of 4.5–5 percent], while striving for better in practice. |
【单词】1、target n. 目标;指标(*原文为复数 targets)。例句:The main targets were announced in the report.主要目标在报告中公布。2、strive v. 努力;争取(*原文为现在分词 striving)。例句:We will strive for better results.我们将争取更好结果。【短语】1、主要预期目标:the main targets for development this year2、经济增长4.5%-5%:GDP growth of 4.5–5 percent【翻译点拨】今年发展主要预期目标是:经济增长4.5%-5%,在实际工作中努力争取更好结果。汉语句子分析:这是年度目标的开头。主干是“主要预期目标是……”,冒号后列出第一个目标,即经济增长4.5%-5%;“努力争取更好结果”说明实际工作中还要争取更好表现。“预期目标”是年度发展指标,不是硬性单一数值,所以英文用 targets。“努力争取更好结果”说明目标区间之外还要在实际工作中争取更好表现,译文用 while striving for better in practice。译文语法分析The main targets for development this year(主语)[are](系动词)as follows(表语):GDP growth of 4.5–5 percent(列举内容);while striving for better in practice(while 引导的现在分词短语,补充说明实际工作要求)。 |
[城镇调查失业率5.5%左右],[城镇新增就业1200万人以上];[居民消费价格涨幅2%左右];[居民收入增长和经济增长同步]。 | [surveyed urban unemployment rate of around 5.5 percent]; [over 12 million new urban jobs]; [CPI increase of around 2 percent]; [personal income growth in step with economic growth]. |
【单词】1、surveyed adj. 调查的。例句:The surveyed unemployment rate remained stable.调查失业率保持稳定。2、CPI n. 居民消费价格指数。例句:CPI increased by around two percent.居民消费价格指数上涨约2%。3、income n. 收入。例句:Personal income grew in step with the economy.居民收入与经济同步增长。【短语】1、城镇调查失业率5.5%左右:surveyed urban unemployment rate of around 5.5 percent2、城镇新增就业1200万人以上:over 12 million new urban jobs3、居民消费价格涨幅2%左右:CPI increase of around 2 percent4、居民收入增长和经济增长同步:personal income growth in step with economic growth【翻译点拨】城镇调查失业率5.5%左右,城镇新增就业1200万人以上;居民消费价格涨幅2%左右;居民收入增长和经济增长同步。汉语句子分析:这一组是年度预期目标,四个目标分别涉及就业、物价和居民收入。中文用逗号和分号列举,英文保留名词短语形式。“城镇新增就业”用 new urban jobs,不译成 newly employed people,因为这里是就业岗位或就业数量指标。“居民收入增长和经济增长同步”中的“同步”用 in step with,表示居民收入增长与经济增长保持相近节奏。CPI 是 Consumer Price Index 的缩写,对应“居民消费价格”。译文语法分析surveyed urban unemployment rate of around 5.5 percent(名词短语,作列举项);over 12 million new urban jobs(名词短语,作列举项);CPI increase of around 2 percent(名词短语,作列举项);personal income growth in step with economic growth(名词短语,作列举项;in step with economic growth 为介词短语,说明同步对象)。 |