实体经济、新质生产力、传统产业升级

2. 新动能 new growth drivers
3. 实体经济 real economy
4. 新质生产力 new quality productive forces
5. 现代化产业体系 modernize the industrial system
6. 重大技术改造升级项目 major technology transformation and upgrading projects
7. 超长期特别国债 ultra‑long special treasury bonds
8. 大规模设备更新 large‑scale equipment upgrades
9. 制造业重点产业链高质量发展行动 initiatives to drive high‑quality development in key manufacturing chains
10. 产业基础再造 industrial foundation reengineering
11. 重大技术装备攻关 major technology and equipment research
12. 国家先进制造业集群 national advanced manufacturing clusters
13. 上云用数赋智 Cloudification, Big Data, and AI Initiative
14. 中小企业数智化转型 digital and intelligent transformation of small and medium‑sized enterprises (SMEs)
15. 智能工厂、智慧供应链 smart factories and intelligent supply chains
16. 智能制造 smart manufacturing
17. 智能建造 smart construction

新兴产业、未来产业、创投

2. 产业创新工程 industrial innovation projects
3. 应用场景 application scenarios
4. 集成电路 integrated circuits
5. 航空航天 aviation and aerospace
6. 生物医药 biomedicine
7. 低空经济 low‑altitude economy
8. 未来产业投入增长和风险分担机制 mechanisms to increase funding and share risks for industries of the future
9. 未来能源 future energy
10. 量子科技 quantum technology
11. 生物制造 biomanufacturing
12. 具身智能 embodied AI
13. 脑机接口 brain‑computer interfaces
14. 专精特新中小企业 SMEs that use specialized and sophisticated technologies to produce novel and unique products
15. 独角兽企业 unicorn companies
16. 国家创业投资引导基金 National Venture Capital Guide Fund
17. 创业投资、天使投资 venture capital investment, angel investment
18. 耐心资本 patient capital

服务业

2. 先进制造业和现代服务业融合发展 integrated development of advanced manufacturing and modern services
3. 生产性服务业 producer services
4. 生活性服务业 consumer services
5. “中国服务” 品牌 "China Services" brand

智能经济、数字新基建、AI 治理

2. “人工智能 +” AI Plus Initiative
3. 新一代智能终端、智能体 new‑generation intelligent terminals and AI agents
4. 智能原生新业态新模式 AI‑native new forms and models of business
5. 人工智能开源社区、开源生态 open‑source AI communities, vibrant open‑source ecosystem
6. 超大规模智算集群 hyper‑scale intelligent computing clusters
7. 算电协同 coordinated development of computing capacity and electricity supply
8. 全国一体化算力监测调度 integrated monitoring and distribution of computing capacity across the country
9. 卫星互联网 satellite internet
10. “5G + 工业互联网” 升级版 upgraded 5G Plus Industrial Internet Initiative
11. 数据要素基础制度 foundational systems for data as a production factor
12. 高质量数据集 high‑quality datasets
13. 人工智能治理 AI governance