政译拆解| 2026政府工作报告 26

继续实施更加积极的财政政策。今年赤字率拟按4%左右安排，赤字②规模① 5.89 万亿元、比上年增加 2300 亿元。一般公共预算支出规模①将首次达到30 万亿元、比上年增加约 1.27 万亿元。拟发行超长期特别国债1.3 万亿元，持续支持“两重”建设、“两新”工作⑥等。拟发行特别国债3000 亿元，支持国有大型商业银行补充资本。拟安排地方政府专项债券 4.4 万亿元，完善专项债券项目⑦负面清单管理和自审自发试点，重点支持建设重大项目、置换隐性债务、消化政府拖欠账款等。We will continue to implement a more proactive fiscal policy. The deficit-to-GDP ratio forthis year is setataround 4 percent. The government deficit② is set at 5.89 trillion yuan,230 billion yuan more than last year③. Expenditure in the general public budget is projected to reach 30 trillion yuan for the first time, an increase of about 1.27 trillion yuan over④last year. A total of 1.3 trillion yuan of ultra-long special treasury bonds will be issued to⑤ provide continued support for endeavors such as implementing major national strategies, enhancing security capacity in key areas, and carrying out large-scale equipment upgrades and consumer goods trade-in programs. A total of 300 billion yuan of special treasury bonds will be issued to ⑤enable large state-owned commercial banks to replenish their capital. This year, 4.4 trillion yuan of local government special-purpose bonds will be issued. We will improve negative list-based management of projects funded by these bonds⑦and fine-tune trials to enable the prompt issuance of special-purpose bonds upon provincial-level review and approval. The funds raised ⑧will be used mainly to support major projects, replace hidden debts, and settle overdue payments owed by governments. ①范畴词。②“赤字”单独译为 deficit 时，只表示“收入少于支出的差额”或“不足额”，范围很宽，可能是企业亏损、贸易逆差、经常账户逆差等。这里的“赤字”指政府财政收支出现的缺口，因此要加上限定语，译为：government deficit③可还原为：which is 230 billion yuan more than it was last year

④over VS from：over 可以直接接时间【an increase of 1.6 trillion yuan over last year】;from 通常要接 “基准值”【an increase of 1.6 trillion yuan from last year’s level】。 ⑤逻辑关系：表目的。⑥背景知识补充：

“两重”建设：指加力支持国家重大战略实施；重点领域安全能力建设。“两新”工作：指推动 大规模设备更新；消费品以旧换新。

⑦“专项债券项目”不是“项目的一种名称”，而是指由专项债券筹集资金支持的项目。⑧增主语。

双语词汇积累：

财政政策：the fiscal policy赤字率：The deficit-to-GDP ratio一般公共预算：the general public budget超长期特别国债：ultra-long special treasury bonds国有大型商业银行：large state-owned commercial banks【中英文定语顺序不同】

补充资本：replenish their capital地方政府专项债券：local government special-purpose bonds 负面清单管理：negative list-based management置换隐性债务：replace hidden debts消化政府拖欠账款：settle overdue payments owed by governments