实践再次证明，坚持党中央集中统一领导是应对一切困难、做好各项工作的根本保证，中国人民有信心有智慧有力量战胜一切艰难险阻！
Once again, it has been shown that upholding the centralized, unified leadership of the Party Central Committee is the fundamental guarantee for overcoming all difficulties and advancing all of our work. It has been shown that the Chinese people possess(to have a particular quality of feature) the confidence, wisdom, and strength to surmount any obstacle that lies ahead.
我们深入学习贯彻习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想，全面贯彻落实党的二十大和二十届历次全会精神，按照党中央决策部署，一年来主要做了以下工作。
Last year, we continued to enrich our understanding of and apply Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. We also fully applied the guiding principles from the 20th CPC National Congress and the plenary sessions of the 20th CPC Central Committee.Acting on the decisions and plans of the Party Central Committee, we mainly did the following work:
一是实施更加积极有为的宏观政策，着力稳定经济运行（还可处理为目的状语）。
1. We implemented more proactive and effective macro policies and worked to maintain stable economic performance.
年初我们就做好了应对复杂多变局面的充分准备，一季度经济起势有力、开局良好。
Early in the year, we took all necessary steps to prepare for emerging complex and volatile situations. China’s economy was thus well-placed to get off to a good start and build strong momentum in the first quarter.
二季度以后，针对经济运行中的新情况特别是美国加征关税冲击，充分发挥存量政策作用，加力推出稳就业稳经济等一系列新举措，有力对冲了经济下行压力，保障了全年主要目标实现。
From the second quarter on, in response to new developments facing the economy, particularly the impact of US tariff hikes（税额猛增固搭）, we fully leveraged（本身就是“充分发挥/利用”，fully可以不用）policies already in place and introduced a range of more robust measures to maintain employment and economic stability. These steps effectively cushioned downward economic pressure and ensured the fulfillment of major objectives for the year.
实施更加积极的财政政策和适度宽松的货币政策，扩大财政支出规模，加强重点领域财力保障，下调政策利率和存款准备金率（是央行规定商业银行必须按存款总额的一定比例，把钱存到央行、不能拿去放贷的比率。下调就意味着银行里钱多了，贷款利率也会降低），持续降低社会综合融资成本。
We pursued a more proactive fiscal policy and an appropriately accommodative monetary policy. Government spending was increased to strengthen fiscal support for key areas, while policy interest rates and required reserve ratios were cut to further reduce overall financing costs.
加力扩围实施消费品以旧换新，带动商品销售额超过2.6万亿元，文旅体等服务消费潜力加快释放，社会消费品零售总额突破50万亿元。
Consumer goods trade-in（以旧换新） programs were ramped up and extended to more items, resulting in over 2.6 trillion yuan in commodity sales. Consumption potential was unlocked(/unleashed) at an accelerated pace in culture, tourism, sports, and other service sectors, with total retail sales of consumer goods topping 50 trillion yuan.
围绕扩大有效投资，加强“两重”项目建设（即国家重大战略实施与重点领域安全能力建设），加快设备更新资金拨付使用，设备购置投资增长11.8%，设立新型政策性金融工具补充重点项目资本金。
To boost effective investment, we stepped up efforts to implement major national strategies and enhance security capacity in key areas. Funding for equipment upgrades was allocated and put to use more quickly, driving an 11.8-percent increase in investment in equipment purchase. New types of policy-backed financial instruments were introduced to replenish capital for major projects.
持续用力稳楼市，合理控制新增房地产用地供应，因城施策调减限制性措施，下调个人住房公积金贷款利率，“保交房”任务全面完成。
We continued to take effective steps to stabilize the real estate market. We kept the supply of land for new real estate projects at an appropriate level, introduced city-specific policies to adjust and reduce property transaction restrictions, and cut interest rates on mortgages granted（抵押贷款） through individual housing provident funds. The task of ensuring timely delivery of housing projects was completed across the board.
综合施策稳股市，资本市场回稳回暖、交易活跃。
Thanks to coordinated measures taken to keep the stock market stable, the capital market steadily rebounded and transactions became brisk（麻利的，敏捷的）.
深入实施一揽子化债方案，有序置换地方政府存量隐性债务，持续压减融资平台数量，地方债务结构不断优化。
We continued to implement a package of measures to address debt risks. As hidden local government debts were replaced in a well-ordered way and the number of financing platforms was further reduced, the structure of local government debts continued to improve.
一体推进地方中小金融机构风险处置和转型发展，高风险机构数量大幅下降，风险化解成效明显。
We also took well-coordinated steps to defuse risks in small and medium local financial institutions and to promote their transformation and development. As a result, the number of high-risk financial institutions fell considerably, and notable(/remarkable) progress was secured in risk mitigation.
二是坚持创新驱动发展，建设现代化产业体系。
2. We pursued innovation-driven development and continued to build a modernized industrial system.
全面推进科技强国建设战略部署，强化国家战略科技力量建设，完善区域科技创新体系，加强基础前沿领域体系化布局和关键核心技术攻关。
We implemented strategic plans for comprehensively building China’s strength in science and technology. This included boosting strategic science and technology capabilities, improving regional technological innovation systems, reinforcing systematic planning for basic and frontier areas, and making breakthroughs in core technologies in key fields.
“全面”还有两种表达：across the country/ nationwide
全社会研发经费投入强度达到2.8%，技术合同成交额增长10.8%。
Last year, China’s R&D spending reached 2.8 percent of GDP, and the value of technology contract transactions rose by 10.8 percent.
科技创新和产业创新融合加快，传统产业转型升级不断深入，新兴产业、未来产业蓬勃发展，现代服务业保持快速发展势头。
The integration of technological and industrial innovation picked up pace; transformation and upgrading of traditional industries continued; emerging industries and industries of the future achieved impressive growth; and rapid development was sustained in modern services.
聚焦重点领域制定修订583项国家标准。
A total of 583 national standards for key areas were formulated or revised.（tips:CE时数字尽量提前，EC时数字尽量靠后。这个小技巧很实用！！！）
持续推进制造业数字化转型和“人工智能+”行动，行业应用加快落地，新型智能终端不断涌现。
We moved ahead with digital transformation of manufacturing and the AI Plus Initiative. AI industrial application gathered（速度/力量等增长 gather momentum:势头增强） pace, and new intelligent terminals emerged continuously.
数据要素潜力加快释放，数字经济核心产业增加值占国内生产总值的比重提高到10.5%以上。
The potential of data as a production factor was unlocked more quickly, and the value added of core digital economy industries exceeded 10.5 percent of GDP.
三是进一步深化改革开放，畅通国民经济循环。
3. We further deepened reform and opening up and ensured smooth flows（之前讲过,“经济循环”尽量不用circulation，这是“货币循环”） in the national economy.
扎实落实党的二十届三中全会改革部署（不是并列）。
We took solid steps to implement the reform plans adopted at the third plenary session of the 20th CPC Central Committee.
实施全国统一大市场建设指引，出台新版市场准入负面清单（就是禁止的，不能做的），系统整治招标投标、招商引资领域突出问题，推进重点行业产能治理，综合整治“内卷式”竞争成效显现。
We implemented the guidelines on developing a unified national market, issued an updated negative list for market access, and systematically addressed prominent problems in the areas of public bidding and investment attraction. We pushed ahead with production capacity regulation in key industries and achieved notable progress in addressing rat race competition through holistic measures.
开展要素市场化配置（“要素”：土地、劳动力、资本、技术、数据；“市场化配置”是看谁价格高、质量好、效率高就把生产要素给谁，而不是以前那种靠政府审批）综合改革试点。
Comprehensive reform trials were carried out to promote market-based allocation of production factors.
国有企业改革深化提升（并列）行动取得积极成效，出台进一步促进民间投资发展的措施。
Initiatives to deepen and upgrade the reform of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) yielded positive results, and we rolled out measures to further boost private investment.
加快加力清理拖欠企业账款。
We worked faster and redoubled efforts to see that overdue payments owed to enterpriseswere settled(to pay the money you owe~ the bill).
有序推进自主开放、单边开放，稳步扩大单方面免签或全面互免签证。
We took the initiative to open China wider and advanced unilateral opening up in a well-ordered way, steadily expanding both unilateral visa-free entry policies and comprehensive mutual visa exemptions.
加大稳外贸力度，进出口量稳质升，出口增长6.1%。
Greater efforts were made to maintain stable performance of foreign trade, ensuring both stable volume and higher quality. Exports for the year grew by 6.1 percent.
出台稳外资行动方案，新设外资企业数量增长19.1%。
Thanks to a new initiative launched to keep foreign investment stable, we saw a 19.1-percent increase in the number of newly-established foreign-funded enterprises.
实施自由贸易试验区提升战略，海南自由贸易港启动全岛封关运作（封关运作：划定独立海关特殊监管区，一线（境外）全面放开零关税、二线（内地）严格监管防冲击、岛内要素自由流通，实现自主高水平开放，兼顾开放红利与国家税收、市场安全。）。
The strategy to upgrade pilot free trade zones was implemented, and island-wide special customs operations were launched in the Hainan Free Trade Port.
扎实推进高质量共建“一带一路”，各领域务实合作水平不断提升。
Solid steps were taken to advance high-quality Belt and Road cooperation, further boosting practical cooperation in various fields.
四是统筹（一般都是both and结构）推进新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴，促进城乡区域协调发展。
4. We moved forward with both new urbanization and all-around rural revitalization and promoted coordinated development between urban and rural areas and between different regions.
贯彻中央城市工作会议部署，培育发展现代化都市圈，加强城市规划建设治理，持续实施城市更新，落实好农业转移人口市民化政策，开展新型城镇化试点，常住人口城镇化率达到67.9%。
In implementing the plans set out at last year’s Central Urban Work Conference, we fostered modern metropolitan areas, bolstered urban planning, development, and governance, steadily advanced urban renewal, put into full effect policies on granting permanent urban residency to people moving to cities from rural areas, and piloted initiatives on new urbanization. As a result, the share of permanent urban residents in the total population rose to 67.9 percent.
着力稳面积、提单产、抗灾害，再夺粮食丰收。
Efforts to keep total grain acreage stable, boost per-unit crop yields, and protect against disasters helped secure yet another bumper harvest.
扎实做好巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成果同乡村振兴有效衔接，脱贫人口务工就业规模稳定在3000万人以上。
We took concrete steps to ensure that efforts to consolidate and expand poverty alleviation gains were well aligned with those to boost rural revitalization. The number of employed people among those lifted out of poverty remained at over 30 million.
加大区域战略实施力度，区域联动发展水平不断提升。
We intensified implementation of regional strategies and enhanced interconnected development among different regions.
五是切实抓好民生保障，积极发展社会事业。
5. We ensured the people’s wellbeing and actively developed social programs.
出台稳就业支持政策，开展大规模职业技能提升培训行动，重点群体就业保持稳定。
We adopted new supportive policies to stabilize employment, carried out large-scale training programs to upgrade vocational skills, and ensured stable employment for key groups.
推进教育强国建设三年行动计划，推动高校学科专业调整，加强县域普通高中建设。
We advanced the three-year action plan for boosting China’s strength in education, moved ahead with adjustments to academic disciplines and majors in universities, and enhanced the development of county-level regular high schools.
实施医疗卫生强基工程。
We implemented initiatives to strengthen community-levelmedical and health services.
完善儿科和精神卫生服务体系，全国二三级公立综合医院儿科服务实现全覆盖。
Pediatric and mental health services were improved, and pediatric services were extended to allGrade II and Grade III public general hospitals in the country.
有效防控基孔肯雅热等传染病疫情。
We effectively prevented and controlled the spread of infectious diseases such as Chikungunya.
健全基本医保参保长效机制，优化医药集采措施，推出商业健康保险创新药目录，长期护理保险制度覆盖3亿人。
We improved the mechanism for encouraging long-term participation in the basic medical insurance scheme, refined centralized procurement of medicines and medical consumables(goods that are intended to be used fairly quickly and then replaced消耗品), and issued a list of innovative drugs for commercial health insurance. Long-term care insurance schemes now cover 300 million people.
渐进式延迟法定退休年龄改革稳妥实施。
The reform to gradually raise(adj+n→adv+v)the statutory retirement age was advanced in a prudent manner.
城乡居民基础养老金月最低标准提高20元，在全国实施个人养老金制度，开展养老服务消费补贴试点。
Minimum basic old-age benefits（福利） for rural and non-working urban residents（因为还有种城镇职工养老保险：urban working residents pension） were increased by 20 yuan per month. The private pension system was implemented nationwide, and trials on elderly care service vouchers（代金券） were launched.
持续推进社会救助扩围增效，加强重度残疾人托养照护，完善困境儿童福利保障措施。
We delivered more extensive and effective social assistance, strengthened care and support for people with severe disabilities, and improved welfare and protection for children in need.
提高优抚标准。
Subsidies for entitled groups were raised.
发展文化事业和文化产业，旅游业活力显现，国内出游人次增长16.2%，入境旅游人次增长17.1%。
Cultural programs and industries were boosted. Domestic tourist trips increased by 16.2 percent and inbound tourist trips by 17.1 percent, illustrating the vitality of the tourism sector.
成功举办第九届亚洲冬季运动会、第十五届全国运动会，群众体育赛事和全民健身活动蓬勃开展。
We successfully hosted the 9th Asian Winter Games and the 15th National Games. We also witnessed a strong surgein recreational sports events and public fitness activities.
六是加快美丽中国建设，推动绿色低碳发展。
6. We worked faster to build a Beautiful China and advanced green and low-carbon development.
扎实开展大气污染防治提质增效行动，地级及以上城市细颗粒物（PM2.5）平均浓度下降4.4%。
We took solid measures to improve both the quality and efficacy of air pollution prevention and control. In cities at and above the prefectural level, the average concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) fell by 4.4 percent.
持续加强大江大河和重要湖库保护，地表水水质优良断面比例提高到91.4%。
Efforts to conserve major rivers and important lakes and reservoirs were intensified, and the share of surface water with a good quality rating reached 91.4 percent.
实施生物多样性保护重大工程，生态系统整体质量与稳定性进一步提升。
With the implementation of major biodiversity conservation programs, the overall quality and stability of our ecosystems were further improved.
启动实施美丽中国先行区建设。
Initiatives were launched to build pilot zones under the Beautiful China Initiative.
加快重点行业绿色低碳转型。
The green and low-carbon transition in key industries picked up pace.
第一批“沙戈荒”新能源基地项目基本建成投产，新型储能装机规模超过1.3亿千瓦，非化石能源消费占比达到21.7%。
The first batch of new energy bases in desert areas, the Gobi, and other arid areas was generally completed and put into operation. The installed capacity of new-type energy storage exceeded 130 gigawatts, and the share of non-fossil energy in total energy consumption reached 21.7 percent.
宣布应对气候变化2035年国家自主贡献目标，充分展现负责任大国担当。
China announced its 2035 Nationally Determined Contributions to respond to climate change, demonstrating our commitment as a responsible major country.
七是持续加强政府建设，创新和完善社会治理。
7. We continued to enhance government performance and developed new and better approaches to social governance.
